Michelangelo and the Buonnarroti Archives Essay Example For Students

Michelangelo and the Buonnarroti Archives Essay The Cavaliere Cosimo Buonnarroti was the lineal relative of Buonnarroto Buonnarroti, the more youthful sibling of Michelangelo, and the holder of the house which had a place with him in the Via Ghibellina at Florence. He passed on the twelfth of February, 1858, giving his home and the Michelangelesque Museum contained in it to the city of Florence. In truth, the assortment of remembrances existing there likely could be known as a Museum. Not exclusively was the mass of compositions amazingly voluminous, however there were numerous centerpieces from the hand of the ace, models particularly, and first thoughts for a few of his bigger works, particularly one most fascinating first sketch with regards to wax of the David,† other than different relics, †his seat, his strolling stick, his composing work area, and so forth. The house and every one of its substance, as has been stated, were left by the Cavaliere Cosimo, who had been Minister of Public Instruction under the last Grand Duke, to the city of Florence, to the avoidance of certain guarantee family members, what it's identity was, known, would have scattered and sold the assortment. In any case, in outcome of an inquisitive situation the city didn't go into ownership of the property under the will. The Tuscan law required (and the Italian law may in any case require, however there were contrasts in the enactment around then); that the observers to the execution of a holograph will, for example, that which the Cavaliere Buonnarroti made, ought to be in a similar live with the departed benefactor at the hour of his creation the will being referred to. Presently the Cavaliere Buonnarroti being sick, and experiencing a lot of the warmth in the room where he was biting the dust, in which there were a few people, a part of those present were mentioned to go into an abutting room, speaking with the debilitated man’s room by huge collapsing entryways, which were open. A few of those present did as such, and the people who in this manner marked the will as witnesses were among the number. Consequently it was a short time later protested, for the benefit of the individuals who were the heirsat-law, and would have acquired the Buonnarroti house and its substance however for the will, that the record was invalid on the ground which has been referenced. The case was brought under the watchful eye of the courts, and was given against the city, which, be that as it may, prevailing with regards to trading off the issue by the installment of an enormous sura to the beneficiaries at-law. At the point when the papers had become open property, the errand of altering the letters was intrusted to the Cavaliere Gaetano Milanesi; the undertaking of composing another life situated partially on the new materials was doled out to the Commendatore Aurelio Gotti, while Count Luigi Passerini, the administrator of the National Library, under-took to set up a Michelangelesque list of sources, with an expansion thereto of a rundown of the considerable number of etchers who have delivered etc hings from his works. Beforehand, in any case, it was organized that an English interpretation of the â€Å" Life † ought to be executed by Mr. Charles Heath Wilson, a notable craftsman and man of letters, long occupant at Florence. Conceived in 1475, in the dazzling region of the Casentino, the upper valley of the Arno, †that rich and green valley which Dante has portrayed so well thus affectionately, †where his dad was serving the workplace of podestA or boss justice of the little town of Caprese, the baby Michelangelo was conveyed, at the lapse of his father’s six months’ residency of office, to Florence, and was set with a wet-nurture, the spouse of a stone-shaper in the town of Settigrano, in the midst of the quarries on the slope over the Arno valley, not a long way from Fiesole. The condition isn't without intrigue. The lady from whose bosom the newborn child Michelangelo was sustained was the spouse, and without a doubt the little girl, of a stone-shaper, most likely the relative of a long queue of stone-cutters; for all the individuals at Settigrano are stone-cutters, and some of them were artists, similarly calling themselves lapicida. For the chain of importance of craftsmanship had not in those days molded itself into any characterized table of priority; and it would have been troublesome, if any one had longed for endeavoring it, to adhere to a meaningful boundary between the craftsman and the craftsman. With what level of authority and deftness the dads of her whose bosom provided the components of development to the incredible craftsman may have cut the Settigrano stone there is no colloquialism, yet that they were occupied with that workmanship from time immemorial might be figured as certain; and physiological scholars may make a note of it. Of course, the tradesman-tather needed to make a tradesman ot his lapicida-nursed kid, and as normal fizzled. Little Michelangelo would never really draw and model Wiser than numerous another dad experiencing a similar mishap, the senior Buonnarroti before long surrendered the battle, and put the kid in the workshop of Domenico and David Ghirlandaio. At fourteen years old he had as of now so separated himself that Lorenzo the Magnificent was pulled in by his unquestionable virtuoso, and made him an individual from his family, where among different favorable circumstances he had that of the artistic guidance of Politian. In 1496 (matured twenty-one) he goes to Rome at the greeting of the Cardinal St. Giorgio, and stays there almost five years, executing an assortment of sculptures and gatherings, and expanding every day in notoriety. In 1501 (matured twenty-six) he comes back to Florence in line with his dad, and we discover cardinals and districts immediately offering for his adminis trations. In any case, in 1504 he again goes to Rome on the greeting of Pope Julius II., gets disappointed with that tenacious and astonishing Pope’s inclinations, comes back to Florence, and will not comply with the Pope’s summons to return to Rome, yet finally does as such on the receipt of another greeting in the year 1508 ; and in that equivalent year,- the thirty-third of his age, starts the unfading works in the Sistine Chapel, which are finished in 1512. Pope Julius bites the dust in 1513, and Michelangelo keeps on working, some of the time at Rome, once in a while at Carrara, and here and there at Florence, mostly for Pope Leo X., during the entire of his rule. What's more, if the antiquarians, who are constantly asserting the toleration and guilty pleasure of humankind for this Pope, and other â€Å"art-loving† popes and sovereigns, on the score of their support and assurance of craftsmen, would make themselves somewhat better familiar with that back-st eps perspective on such exchanges, which are just to he come at in the records and recognizable letters of the belittled, it is plausible that the world would feel less energy of esteem for the â€Å" grand † popes and rulers being referred to! In 1523 Clement VII. prevailing to the Papal seat, after the short rule of Adrian VI., which isolated that of Clement from that of his family member, Leo X. What's more, Michelangelo kept on working for Pope Clement. In 1529, in any case, when Pope Clement, in shocking coalition with Charles V., is attacking his hereditary city, the incredible craftsman is found on the well known side, and is designated by the city chief of the strongholds. After the rebuilding of the Medici to Florence, Michelangelo is â€Å"pardoned† for Li3 nationalism and keeps on working for the Pope. In October, 1534, Cardinal Alessandro Farnese succeeds Clement as Paul III., and he in his turn utilizes Michelangelo in the incredible works with which he wanted to relate his own name. Promptly on his increase the new Pontiff resolved to utilize the best craftsman of his day; however it was not till the September of the year 1534 that Michelangelo, presently in his fifty-ninth year, and officially named bo ss modeler, painter, and stone carver to the Apostolic royal residence, started the incredible fresco of the Last Judgment in the Sistine Chapel. It was during these equivalent months, while the arrangements con-nected with his arrangement to the above workplaces, and the prepara-tions for the execution of the extraordinary fresco were in progress, that one of the most intriguing scenes with regards to the life of Michelangelo occurred. This was his acquaintanceship and companionship with Vittoria Colonna. She was then a widow, and had just been kept from turning into a pious devotee, in her gloom at the inauspicious demise of her significant other, by the outright forbiddance of the Pope. She resigned, be that as it may, to the convent of St. Silvestro in Capito, in Rome, and there, in the expressions of Mr. Heath Wilson, â€Å"in demonstrations of dedication and of dynamic foundation, in study and the activity of her profoundly poetical inclination, composing refrains and strict songs, she step by step recouped her tranquility of brain, and continued her intercourse with society. Among the people she pulled in, invested such as herself with high characteristics, was Michelangelo, who framed a fellowship for her set apart by the profundity and magnificence of his character in its dedication and imperativeness; and returned by her with a profound respect of his blessings and abilities which was unbounded. In the relationship which remained alive between them it is charming to ponder her valuation for his virtuoso and works, and the satisfaction which her delicate impact brought to the up to this point single self-tormentor, who saw a lot of the pitiful side of nature, and whose undoubted preliminaries were heightened by his protected despairing. His life was currently lit up by an unadulterated beam, to which he turned with all the decency and love which were in hisr nature covered up under its rough outside. The intercourse among Michelangelo and Vittoria Colonna structures a splendid and delightful scene in a real existence the historical backdrop of which is so serious as to be interminably difficult in its viewpoint, delineated by his works, in which there is not really a follow whenever of a grin reminiscent of bliss or peace.† Vittoria Colonna has, in each age since her own, been of lt to be a make sense of remaining from the adequately dim foundation of those occasions with a clarity of help which makes her an object of extraordinary inte

The Tempest - Barbarism Versus Civilization Essays - Caliban

The Tempest - Barbarism versus Civilization In Shakespeare's play, The Tempest, a hidden topic of boorishness versus human advancement shows up. Shakespeare makes characters that epitomize images of nature or sustain. The imagery of the characters is gotten from their activities. These activities show Shakespeare's perspective on the boorish and the humanized, just as help the peruser build up his own assessment of each side. In this eccentric play, Prospero, the previous Duke of Milan, in the wake of being superseded of his dukedom by his sibling, shows up on an island. He liberates a soul named Ariel from a spell and thusly makes the soul his slave. He likewise subjugates a local beast named Caliban. These two slaves, Caliban and Ariel, represent the topic of nature versus support. Caliban is viewed as the portrayal of the wild; the side that is generally looked downward on. In spite of the fact that from his horrible conduct, Caliban can be seen as a disgusting monster of nature, it very well may be sensibly gathered that Shakespeare's plan was to make Caliban a thoughtful character. During the primary experience, Caliban goes over brutish and unethical. While moving toward Caliban's cavern, Prospero disdainfully says, ?[he] never/Yields us kind answer, which means Caliban never answers consciously. When Prospero arrives at the cavern, he calls to Caliban. Caliban suddenly reacts, There's wood enough inside. His short, smart answer and his accursed tone, uncover the harshness he feels from having a servile existence. Caliban's impoliteness causes him to appear to be a contemptible and vile slave. Likewise, Caliban shows an outrageous resentment toward Prospero. When Caliban is approached to approach he talks corruptly, As evil dew as e'er my mom brushed/With raven's plume from unwholesome fen/Drop on you both!?And rankle all of you o'er! Caliban's mentality and discourtesy is unfitting for a hireling. In any case, his activities are supported. Until Prospero showed up on the island, Caliban was his own ruler. The island was left to him by his mom, Sycorax. In any case, Prospero assumed responsibility for the isle and in the long run oppressed Caliban. ?Thou strok'st me?I cherished thee? is a piece of a statement that represents Caliban's relationship with Prospero before he was his slave. Prospero support Caliban and gave him water and berries; he showed him how to talk, too. During this time Caliban cherished Prospero and demonstrated him the highlights of the island, The new springs, saline solution pits, infertile spot and prolific? Caliban laments helping Prospero as he says towards the finish of his discourse, Reviled be I that did as such! Caliban feels along these lines because of his detainment. In any case, Caliban was oppressed in light of the fact that he assaulted Prospero's little girl, Miranda. Assault bids to the peruser as a decent motivation for subjugation, however Shakespeare shows that Caliban merits co mpassion, rather than disturb. Caliban submitted an illegal demonstration that merited discipline. Be that as it may, he had not been supported by society and, hence, didn't have the foggiest idea about any better. It is his essential nature to do as he feels. He doesn't have the foggiest idea about the contrast among good and bad. The peruser will in general feel thoughtful towards Caliban in light of the fact that he is rebuffed and abused for direct he was unable to control. Prospero says, A fallen angel, a conceived demon, on whose nature/Nurture can never stick? which clarifies why despite the fact that Prospero educated Caliban the methods of edified life, he despite everything followed up on his normal impulses. Caliban still shows his common conduct by being gruff thus called disgusting as a slave. However, when the peruser comprehends Shakespeare's expectation, it very well may be deduced that Caliban is simply a thoughtful character who has lost his spirit. He is vulnerable among the lives of the humaniz ed, on the grounds that cultivated life is one he will never embrace. Caliban is a man of nature, however he ought not be viewed as less fair than somebody from human progress. Shakespeare depicts Caliban as a revolting and rough looking monster, which is the way individuals of nature are imagined by residents of society. Caliban's appearance represents the ruffian creature nature inside him. Be that as it may, Caliban has, what no man of society has, virtue and guiltlessness. Caliban acts not to satisfy others however to fulfill himself. He has an instinctive comprehension of the common world that draws out an affectability higher than that of the enlightened. Shakespeare gives Caliban the absolute best verse in the play,

Spiritual Leadership Model Essay Example

Otherworldly Leadership Model Essay When considering otherworldly administration, the presumption ought to be: it must be scriptural or must pass the scriptural measures for it to be called genuine profound authority. Otherworldly initiative has taken a ton of changes and structures after the hour of the witnesses and their first educates. Such a large number of and fluctuated are the authority styles of numerous profound pioneers today that one can be effectively befuddled regarding what sort of initiative is worthy and right. Something else is the general sorting of â€Å"leadership† that it has now become a standard that when anyone discusses authority, the individual is ventured to be talking about initiative in whatever associations. There are no distinctions and the issue is summed up. Initiative is administration paying little mind to what sort of gathering one is driving; henceforth, similar systems and techniques for the board apply to any jobs that fall under the heading â€Å"leadership† may it be corporate or administrative. Scriptural standards of administration when applied to the corporate world may †more then likely †help and improve an establishment, while business the board standards taken from an absolutely mainstream purpose of perspectives won't contribute an enduring impact which is, in any case, the ordinary impact of genuine profound leadership.If, then again, a merger of these two styles has been reached and is upheld, it draws in an enormous crowd and market. The current fame of self improvement devices and meetings that oblige the longings of the majority for â€Å"instant formulas† that will help and advance individual control and achievement is verification enough that focuses to the truth that if just close to home and corporate achievement can be woven into barely any simple straightforward advances, an extraordinary mass of individuals will get tied up with it gave the assurance is the point at which they leave, they will take with th em the guaranteed streamlined answers for life’s numerous riddles. Individuals who are becoming weary of long procedures and are turning out to be persuaded that â€Å"spiritual leadership† is the same than some other sort of initiative are the most inclined and simple market to creators and speakers who have thought of some â€Å"cleverly conceived fables† on profound administration. This paper, as in different papers that attempt to instruct and rouse the individuals who yearn for and are at present in places of otherworldly initiative, is readied not to cause the work to show up increasingly troublesome that it is, yet to layout the reliable and demonstrated Biblical principles.Definition of TermsTo state that a specific authority is â€Å"spiritual,† is to make it its own sort. It ought not be mixed up or mistaken for different sorts of administration. As characterized by J. Oswald Sanders, a wide hole exists between how the world characterizes and co mprehends administration when all is said in done, and how it is seen by those whose work is profound authority. While the world consider authority to be something to pine for as a result of the distinction and the force that joins it, the individuals who fill in as clergymen over Christ’s places of worship see it †or rather should see it †as a work that if there’s any compensation to it not out of the ordinary, it is simply crafted by administration. Genuine otherworldly pioneers, serve. â€Å"The genuine otherworldly pioneer is centered around the administration he and she can render to God and others, not on the residuals and advantages of high office or sacred title† (Sanders, p. 15). Taking administration standards from the life of Jesus himself, Sanders explain that to be successful as profound pioneer, one must be â€Å"authoritative, otherworldly, and sacrificial† (Sanders, p.18). A leader’s otherworldliness is one essential imper ative on account of the idea of the work. â€Å"To be a pioneer in the congregation has consistently required quality and confidence past the just human† (Sanders, p.18). On the off chance that the person who holds the situation of otherworldly initiative is himself not profound, he is as of now excluded; â€Å"because without a solid relationship to God, even the most appealing and skilled individual can't lead individuals to God† (Sanders, p.18)).Personal Model of Spiritual Leadership: Leadership in the Covey and Sanders’ TraditionFirstly, Stephen Covey has been conspicuous on an overall scale. His ideas have been known to have crawled into pretty much every convict and corner of the corporate world here and abroad. This is most particularly owing to the way that his â€Å"Seven propensities for exceptionally effective people† spread his ideas in its distribution in 1989, and it sold in excess of 15 million duplicates all through the world. He advanced qualities, the inward administering powers, rather than mistaking for the remotely compelling standards from which these qualities are to be tried to bring into line.  â â â â â â The propensities are those that are created from the ascendance of qualities that work inside a person. As indicated by Covey, exceptionally effective individuals are those that have the created vital or required propensities that had been taught out of the right qualities. He calls these propensities as â€Å"the seven propensities for profoundly compelling people† which became itself the very title of his top rated book. He stated, â€Å"Effectiveness, at the end of the day, is a habit.†What are these seven propensities? As set somewhere near Covey (1989), these are:Habit 1: Be Proactive: Principles of Personal VisionHabit 2: Begin in light of the End: Principles of Personal LeadershipHabit 3: Put First Things First: Principles of Personal ManagementHabit 4: Think Win/Win: Principl es of Interpersonal LeadershipHabit 5: Seek First to Understand, Then to be Understood: Principles of Empathetic  â â â â â â â â â â  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â CommunicationHabit 6: Synergize: Principles of Creative CommunicationHabit 7: Sharpen the Saw: Principles of Balanced Self-RenewalThe propensities that Stephen Covey has created in his book are propensities that acceptable profound pioneers grow, however qualities which can be said as effectively controlled by otherworldly pioneers. They may be attributes that are not completely grown at this point in certain clergymen, by the by, in some measure, they are as of now there and can be anticipated from an otherworldly pioneer. For instance, a pioneer must be an initiator. Being one that is commanded to â€Å"go† and to â€Å"make disciples† by the Lord certainly should be somebody who makes activity. Subsequently, to be proactive as proposed by Covey is dared to be one of the qualities of a decent profound pioneer. A priest of God gets things done with the end in his brain since he comprehends that one of his principle targets is to make the individuals he is driving Christ’s devotees. Thus from propensity one to propensity seven, a great deal of scriptural standards can be utilized to back every one of them up.Secondly, in the exemplary book entitled basically Spiritual Leadership, J. Oswald Sanders characterized the word â€Å"spiritual† as follows: â€Å"Spirituality isn't anything but difficult to characterize however its quality or nonappearance is handily recognized. . . it is the ability to change the air by one’s nearness, the oblivious impact that makes Christ and otherworldly things genuine to others.† The rules that Sanders has set down in his book were completely taken from the Holy Scriptures. He separated from the authority standards of Jesus, from the capabilities that Apostle Paul had brought up to Timothy as d irecting measures in delegating pioneers at Ephesus, and just as bits of knowledge from Apostle Peter’s letter in regards to initiative. The important characteristics of viable administration are in this manner bounty. Nonetheless, drawing from the bits of knowledge of Sanders’ book, here are a portion of the scriptural models/attributes on profound administration which are as yet official and musts for otherworldly authority today:1.) A feeling of calling.Before any qualities, there must be a component which is past and outside each pioneer that he can't make sure about for himself paying little heed to what he or others may do to make sure about this situation of initiative. As Jesus has uncovered to siblings James and John: â€Å"To sit at My privilege or left isn't for Me to give. These spots have a place with those for whom they have been prepared† (Mark 10:40). As such, profound service and authority are works that God is holding just for those whom He has required the activity. In spite of the fact that preparation is imperative to get ready one’s self for the service, minor scholarly degree in religious philosophy or appealling character won't qualify an individual to otherworldly initiative, as significant as those qualifications seem to be. One must be above all else 100 percent sure that God is calling him/her in this particular life work.2.) Moral and mental capabilities (otherworldly maturity).Of all the callings one can set himself up previously as far as abilities and aptitude, it is just in the Lord’s work that ethical trustworthiness is completely required. Anyone may guarantee and demonstrate as far as skill in discourse, social relations, or the executives capacity, that he is to be sure a pastor, yet in the event that in moral issues he scarcely satisfies the guidelines, he can't be mistaken for scriptural initiative. In what many call â€Å"secular† callings like, for instance, showing vocation or building callings; if a man is a talented architect, regardless of whether he has bombed his significant other as a spouse for submitting infidelity with another lady, he can even now hold his work and capacity as a decent specialist. The equivalent with a superb instructor; he can at present educate and hold his post in any event, when in some purpose of his showing profession, he has submitted an ethical goof. Not so among individuals in profound initiative work. One break of uprightness and one’s vocation in this profound work is nearly finish. It’s as though putting a period upon a real existence time’s work. â€Å"Faithfulness to one marriage accomplice is the scriptural norm† (Sanders). Moral capabilities ha

Essays --

Worldwide business it is blend business across national limits which has distinctive locale of fare, authorizing, establishment and remote direct speculation (FDI). FDI is a speculation to procure worldwide undertakings and it’s likewise requiring a great deal of responsibility in term of sources that could bring financial development to that nation. Moreover, FDI streams encourage the securing of elusive resources and significant substantial, in which FDI brings a positive incentive toward resources move, improve profitability and product quality. This section could carry positive factor to monetary development when the fundamental components are been satisfied, for example, equipped human asset exists. In the ongoing investigations shows that FDI inflow and monetary development has a positive relationship in shorter view. In to that degree, the affirmation of the FDI could impact a few of channel such capital and beat liquidity and have even biggest divert in long haul see anyway it can’t be unsure if it’s will have positive connection for long haul circumstance. The mediation of Multi-National Corporation (MNCs) will be extraordinary hotspots for remote direct venture which could foresee the increments of the FDI streams in future. The Combination MNCs and FDI directs in the market could lead in aggregated sources and just MNCs itself enough could give high effect on operational basic to the nation. The positive effects cause for the both mix it is capital gathering, parity of installment, global system, human capital, money related framework lift and flexibly innovation, information and capital. On part capital gathering, when the host nation has the low sparing rate however it will adequate for them as long that it speculation... ...atistical Institute on electronic information dispersion arrangement of the national bank of the republic of turkey. The came about because of the examinations shows the Granger causality investigation state there is no causal connection between an expansion in FDI and increment in the GDP in the short run. Accord to the OLS result there is conceivable outcome FDI inflow have positive effect on GDP development. However, the beneficial outcome was demonstrated aren’t has no centrality to its. Further on, FDI in Turkey doesn't lead any development in the GDP volume. FDI enter as privatization forms not as a considerable wellspring of financial development. Close to that there is additionally no connection among's FDI and GDP neither in short run or in since quite a while ago run. In addition, this point can't feasible similarly as with the old dated application and furthermore Turkey hasn’t ready to increases any positive inflows from the FDI to its practical potential and development.

Advice to Avoid Panic COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Advice to Avoid Panic COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog As easy as we try to make the application process, I understand that there can be complications and questions.   Each year we receive panicked emails around the admissions deadline and no matter how easy we try to make the process, I am sure we will never eliminate every possible issue.   I thought I would highlight some examples of emails from the past in the hope that you can learn from others that have applied before you.   Names/data/etc. have been changed from the original emails. Do note that we will work with applicants if we believe a good faith effort has been made to submit documents by the deadline and there is a complication of some sort. In addition, many of the common questions we receive are answered in the online instructions so you can save yourself time and stress by carefully reading the instructions. Check the Appropriate Boxes/Links/Menu Items Email: I am writing to inform you that I unfortunately checked the wrong concentration in my application for the MIA program which I just submitted online. My apologies!  In the first part of the application I checked Human Rights. Instead it should read: Urban and Social Policy.”   Can you please make this change for me? Email: My name is Sally Applicant.   On the application I mistakenly entered Spanish as my undergraduate language of instruction.  The correct answer is English.  I would very much appreciate it if someone in the SIPA Admissions office would update my file accordingly. Advice/Answer: As you might imagine, it can be disruptive to our processing when we receive requests to amend information submitted in the application.   Make sure you pay close attention when clicking the options that are a part of the application.   Having to make manual changes slows the process down and may delay the processing of your application. Understand our Process Email: My name is Jon Applicant and I wonder if you could tell me if you have received a copy of my GRE report? Advice/Answer: At SIPA GRE scores are self reported on the admission application, we do not look for official test reports until after applicants have been admitted and paid a deposit.   For a dedicated entry on this topic, click here. Email: My name is Cinderella and I am concerned that my online application does not reflect that GRE scores were submitted.   I entered the scores on the application but the status reads “Not Received.” Why is this since I self reported the scores? Advice/Answer: We must print each application submitted and manually check it for accuracy and completion.   As you might imagine, with thousands of applications this can take a number of weeks.   We appreciate your patience and each applicant will receive an email when the completed application has been forwarded to the Committee for review.   Rest assured that we will work with applicants if there is an issue but we feel a good faith effort was made to get all of the required documents in on time. Respect the Deadline Email: My name is Peter Piper and I am a prospective student applying to your MIA program.   I will have all of the elements of my application completed and submitted by the deadline except for one letter of recommendation.   I had asked one of my professors on December 19 to write a letter of recommendation for me and he responded that he would be able to do this by the deadlines that I had given him.   Yesterday I wrote reminding him of the deadline, and I received a response this morning saying that he is traveling in Wonderland and would not be able to complete the letter of recommendation until he returns to the US next week. Advice/Answer: Make sure to communicate with those writing letters on your behalf well before the deadline.   Starting your application early is recommended because our system will allow you to send out reminders to your recommendation letter writers.   For instructions on how to send reminders, click here. Email: I have been unable to obtain my transcripts from my undergraduate institution because I contacted them and they are closed for the holidays.   What can I do? Advice/Answer: Applicants should contact the schools they have attended well in advance of the deadline to make sure transcripts on time.   Please respect that it can take schools some time to process transcript requests. Document Tracking Email: I submitted my application but mailed my transcripts.   It is one day after the deadline but my transcripts show as not received.   Please check and get back to me as soon as possible. Advice/Answer: During the busy portion of the application process (both before and after the deadline) we are unable to respond to each individual email we receive.   We have a process in our office and part of this process is to print a file, check to see if all of the documents/information were submitted online and if not, to match documents to the file. In order to process files as quickly as possible, we first seek to complete applications that were submitted 100% online. If an application is incomplete after we print it, we will set it aside and seek to match related documents after we have gone through all of the applications submitted.   It is therefore in your best interest if you can submit 100% of your documents on line.   If for some reason a document was mailed, we appreciate your patience as we complete the processing of files in our office.   As soon as a file is complete, we will notify you via email. Also note, we do not track documents submitted to our office prior to an application being submitted.   We will seek to match documents sent to our office after an application has been submitted. Status of Recommendation Letters Email: Can I submit my application if one of my referees has not yet uploaded their recommendation letter? I have been waiting for the letter to be uploaded before I submit and dont want to cut it to close. Will my referee be able to upload their letter if my application is already submitted (even if the letter is uploaded before the deadline)? Advice/Answer: The status of recommendation letters should not impact the submission of your application.   Recommendation letters are tracked in a different application module.   We link information in the two modules and thus submission of your application should be completed when you are ready.   Do not let the fact that recommendation letters have not been received stop you from submitting your application. Double Check Documents Prior to Uploading Email: My name is Ted Typo. I was checking the résumé I uploaded and realize I uploaded a draft copy with many misspellings and typos.   I know you are so busy now, but can I replace them? Advice/Answer: There are times when we may be able to add documents to a file after the deadline, however this is not always possible. Once a file is complete and printed, it makes a journey to several Committee members.   We cannot spend our time trying to track down files once they have been sent out for reading so make sure the documents you upload are complete and correct as of the deadline. We Accept only What We Ask For Email: My name is Extra Effort and I submitted an on-line application yesterday. I looked for a place to upload an addendum to my application but could not find a place to do so.   Can I email it to you? Advice/Answer: Applicants to SIPA should only submit the information we request.   If you wish to include an addendum of any kind, there are two possible places to do this.   First, we are not concerned with the length of the résumé submitted.   If you wish to include information you believe is important for the Committee to be aware of, you may include such information in your résumé. Also, if you feel the need you can use part 3 of the personal statement to include information you wish for the Admissions Committee to be aware of.   We do not allow for the submission of any documents beyond what we ask for on the application. If You Mail Something, Use a Tracking Number Email: Hello, my name is Porter Postal and I mailed my transcript to your address about a week ago.   It has not been tracked yet, can you tell me if you have received it? Advice/Answer: First, we prefer that 100% of your documents be uploaded to our application site.   If this is not possible and a document does need to be mailed, we highly recommend sending the document via a mail courier that provides a tracking number. We can receive hundreds of documents around the deadline and it takes a great deal of time to process and track.   If you ask for a tracking number, as soon as we sign for it the courier will provide you with notice that the document has been delivered and you only need to wait for us to track the document in our system.   For a dedicated entry on this topic, click here. Updating Application Files Email: My name is Sally Suspense and I just learned that I won a fellowship.   I know it is 5 days after the deadline but can I send you a new résumé to show this? Advice/Answer: Similar to the text above regarding double checking your documents before uploading them, it is not always possible to update a file once the deadline passes. Once a file is complete and printed, it makes a journey to several Committee members.   Unfortunately we cannot spend our time trying to track down files once they have been sent out for reading so while you are welcome to ask if we can update a file, understand that we might not be able to do so. _________________ My final piece of advice in this entry is this . . . Each year close to half of our applicants submit an application within 72 hours the deadline.   I understand human nature and that it is often common for people to wait until the last minute, but my advice is to submit your application a few days before the deadline.   Getting your application in early likely will keep you from last minute issues that have caused problems for others in the past.